Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, also known as ischemic avascular necrosis, is a condition that results in transient loss of blood supply to the hip joint. It is usually seen during childhood and is more prevalent in boys. The disease can disrupt normal blood flow to the bones in the hip joint, particularly to the head of the femur. This can lead to deterioration of the hip joint causing it to heal poorly or possibly break.
The indicating signs and symptoms to look out for include limping, decreased mobility in the hips, stiffness and pain in around the hip, thigh, groin and knee. Some children may even have a short leg on the affected side. Presently, the cause of Legg-Calve-Perthes remains unclear. What doctors do know is that boys are five times more likely to have this condition compared to girls. Also, this disease is more commonly seen among Caucasian males.
A physical exam as well as diagnostic studies such as x-rays, MRI and bone scans can help to properly diagnose this condition. If Legg-Calve-Perthes disease is detected at an early age, the chances of correcting the condition are favorable. However, if left untreated, it may cause permanent hip deformity due to the deterioration of the hip joint. In addition, leaving Legg-Calve-Perthes disease untreated may increase the chances of developing osteoarthritis as an adult.
This condition is usually addressed through a medical specialist such as a pediatric orthopedist. Depending on the severity of the condition, the doctor may recommend treatment that includes physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medication, braces, crutches or a cast. The goal of therapy is to prevent any damage or stress to the hip joint. If conservative treatment does not help, your doctor may suggest surgery to correct the condition. Unfortunately, doctors cannot prevent Legg-Calve-Perthes from occurring since the cause is still unknown. However, with time and patience, doctors can treat the condition and get children back to their normal daily activities.
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